Payments/Bets’dagi SLO-burn alertlari

Operatsion yo’l xaritasi

1) Nima uchun bu zarur?

Operatsion yo’l xaritasi (Ops Roadmap) SRE/platforma/qo’llab-quvvatlash va domen buyruqlarining turli vazifalarini shaffof rejaga aylantiradi: har chorakda SLO/qiymat/hodisalarga qanday ta’sir ko’rsatamiz va qanday narxda (odamlar, vaqt, byudjet). Bu tartibsizlikni kamaytiradi, texnik qarzni tartibga soladi va biznesga qimmatbaho buyumlar yetkazib berishni tezlashtiradi.

• O’lchanadigan natijalar (SLO, MTTR, Cost/RPS, Risk) atrofida tashabbuslarni birlashtirish.
• Platforma, domen va tashqi provayderlar o’rtasidagi ustuvorliklarni kelishish.
• Resurslarni budjetga ajratish va «nima qilmayapmiz» (aniq trade-off) ni qayd etish.
• Bajarish va xavf-xatarlar to’g "risida yagona haqiqatni saqlab qolish.

2) Yo’l xaritasi prinsiplari

1. Outcome-first: har bir tashabbus natija metrikasiga bog’langan («X joriy etish» emas, balki «MTTRni 20% ga kamaytirish»).
2. SLO-aware: SLOga salbiy ta’sir ko’rsatuvchi tashabbuslar (depozit/stavka/o’yin/KS) ustuvor hisoblanadi.
3. Data-driven: hodisalarga, postmortemlarga, alertlarga, Capacity/FinOps panellariga tayanamiz.
4. Time-boxed & reversible: kichik inkrementlar, gipotezalarni tekshirish, tez qaytish.
5. Single source of truth: yagona artefakt, muntazam revyu va ommaviy maqomlar.
6. No hidden work: xaritadan tashqari - faqat reglament bo’yicha «yong’inlar».

3) Roadmap ramkasi: darajalar va artefaktlar

Ko’rish (12-18 oy): 3-5 ta operatsion mavzular (Reliability, Scale, Cost, Security, Automation).
Ustunlar (6-12 oy): mavzular bo’yicha tashabbuslar bloklari (masalan, «SLO-100% tanqidiy yo’llarni qamrab olish», «Active-Active 2 mintaqada»).
Choraklik reja (Q): metriklar, egalari, qaramliklari, budjeti bilan aniq tashabbuslar.
Iteratsiyalar (2-3 hafta): vazifalar/dostonlar va haqiqiy taraqqiyot.

ID: OPS-23

4) Prioritization: How to compare the incomparable

4. 1 RICE (Reach, Impact, Confidence, Effort)

Reach: affected users/transactions/geo.
Impact: expected contribution to SLO/MTTR/Cost.
Confidence: Confidence in estimates (data/pilots).
Effort: man-weeks/calendar window/dependencies.

4. 2 WSJF (Scaled)

Cost of Delay = (SLO Risk + Revenue Impact + Compliance + Incident Rate)
/ Job Size = duration/force.
Suitable for mixed initiatives (technical debt, security, platform features).

The rule: initiatives with high SLO risk and high cost of delay come first, even if the effect is "invisible" on UI.

5) Relationship with OKR, SLO and incidents

Platform-level OKR:
KR1: "Reduce Change Failure Rate from 18% to 12% by the end of Q2."
KR2: "Increase Pre-Incident Detect Rate from 35% to 60%."
SLO-matrix: for each domain - target p95/p99/Success Rate/Availability.
Incident analytics: the top 3 reasons for the last quarter should have counteraction initiatives in the current one.

6) Resource and budget planning

FTE-matrix: by squads and competencies (SRE, Observability, Data, Integrations).
Provider calendar: maintenance/quota windows (impact on dates).
CapEx/OpEx: licenses/cluster extensions vs command hours.
Buffer: ~ 15-20% for unplanned "fires" and regulatory tasks.
What-don't-do policy: A list of rescheduled/postponed initiatives with reasons.

7) Managing dependencies and risks

Dependency map: who blocks whom (service/provider/data/command).
Risk register: risk, probability/impact, owner, mitigation plan/plan B.
Change freeze: periods of prohibition of major changes (prime time events/tournaments).
Ficheflags/canaries: Mandatory for initiatives affecting traffic.

8) Quarterly cycle (rhythms)

Q-0 (preparation, 2 weeks): data collection (SLO, incidents, costs), revision of topics, preliminary prioritization.
Q planning: protection of initiatives by owners, reconciliation of resources/risks, fixing the Q plan and "not doing" the list.
Weekly sync: status, blockers, adjustments; maximum 30 minutes.
Monthly review: checking effects on metrics, possible re-scope.
Q retro: compare plan/fact, update principles/patterns.

9) Roadmap view formats

Outcome View: grouped by purpose (SLO, Cost, Risk).
Domain View: Payments/Bets/Games/KYC/Platform.
Timeline View: quarterly, with dependency and frieze markers.
Budget View: FTE/CapEx/OpEx by Initiative and Topic.

Example of a quarterly slice (summary):
Initiative     Outcome              Metrics     Term     Owner     Risk
--------------------      -----------------------      --------------------      -----      -------------      -------
Active-Active Games     RTO≤5 min     Availability 99. 95%      Q1–Q2      platform-sre      High
SLO-burn на Payments     − 30% of late incidents     Pre-Incident↑, MTTR↓      Q1       observability      Average
Kafka Lag Guardrails     − 50% of lag storms     Lag p95↓, DLQ↑         Q1       streaming        Average
FinOps Right-sizing      −15% cost/RPS           Cost/RPS↓           Q2       finops         Low

10) Roadmap Success Metrics (KPIs)

Delivery Predictability: percentage of initiatives completed on time (target ≥ 80%).
SLO Coverage:% of critical paths with active SLOs/alerts.
Incident Trend: − X% of P1/P2 QoQ incidents
Change Failure Rate: Target decline by quarter.
Cost Efficiency: Cost/RPS, Cost/transaction - downward trend.
Risk Burn-down: the number of "red" risks and their total weight.
Stakeholder NPS: satisfaction of domain teams with the quality of the Roadmap.

11) Roadmap launch checklist

[] Defined themes/pillars and 3-5 target outcomes per year.
[] Catalog of initiatives linked to metrics and owners.
[] Prioritization methodology (RICE/WSJF) and scales adopted.
[] Checked resources: FTE, provider windows, budgets.
[] Fixed Q-plan + "not doing."
[] Set up Outcome/Domain/Budget panels, alerts by shifts.
[] Review Schedule: weekly/monthly/quarterly.

12) Anti-patterns

List of tasks without outcomes: "make X" instead of "achieve Y by metric."
Hidden initiatives and private arrangements outside of a single artifact.
Eternal epics: no time-box, no verifiable milestones.
Priority "in terms of volume": resources are spent on the "loudest" request, and not on the most valuable one.
No "what not to do": expectations are unmanageable, trust is falling.
Lack of a link with incidents/SLO: "cosmetic" improvements instead of real ones.

13) Templates (fragments)

Initiative Template (YAML):

yaml id: OPS-42 title: «Reliz kanareykalari uchun Guardrails»

theme: "Reliability"

quarter: "2025-Q1"

owner: "platform-release"

stakeholders: ["payments", "bets", "games"]

outcome: «Relizlardan keyin regressiyani 40% ga kamaytirish»

• name: change_failure_rate target: "<= 12%"
• name: post_deploy_regression_rate target: "-40% QoQ"
• slo_impact: ["api_p99 <= 300ms@99. 9", "availability >= 99. 95%"]

• reach: 5000000 # tranzaksiya/kv impact: 3. 0 confidence: 0. 7 effort: 6 dependencies: ["observability-baseline", "feature-flags-core"]

• name: «noto’g’ri geytlar»
• mitigation: «baseline/tyuning, uchuvchi trafikning 10%»

• name: design eta: "2025-01-20"
• name: pilot-10%
• eta: "2025-02-10"
• name: rollout-100%
• eta: "2025-03-05"

Quarterly report template (Markdown):

Q1 Ops Roadmap - Hisobot

Natijalar bo’yicha yakun: SLO Coverage 92% (+ 7 p.p.), MTTR − 18%, Cost/RPS − 9%

Bajarildi: 8/10 tashabbus (80%)

Siljishlar: OPS-31 → Q2 (PSP-X provayderiga bog’liq)

Hodisalar: P1 = 2 (1 kv/kv −), asosiy sabablar: provayder taymautlaridagi retralar

Follow-ups: breykerlar tyuningi, PSP-Y zaxira kvotalari

14) Jarayonlarga integratsiya

Hodisa-menejment: har bir postmortem → Roadmap’dagi tashabbus/yaxshilanish bileti.
Oʻzgarishlar/relizlar: yirik tashabbuslar faqat bayroqlar/kanareykalar bilan amalga oshiriladi.
Capacity/FinOps: oyiga bir marta headroom va cost tendensiyalari bo’yicha sinxronlashtirish.
Xavfsizlik/komplayens: talablar va auditlar bo’yicha choraklik nazorat nuqtalari.

15) 30/60/90 (tez boshlash)

30 kun: noxush/metrik bazani yig’ish, mavzularni shakllantirish, YAML formatida 10-15 ta tashabbusni tavsiflash, RICE/WSJFni tanlash, Q-rejani tuzatish.
60 kun: Outcome/Domain/Budget panellarini ishga tushirish, birinchi tashqi choraklik sharhni o’tkazish, ma’lumotlar bo’yicha ustuvorliklarni tuzatish.
90 kun: Q-yakunlarini chiqarish, printsiplar va shkalalarni yangilash, yillik ustunlarni qayta belgilash.

16) Kommunikatsiyalar va shaffoflik

Steykxolderlar uchun oylik sharh: 30 daqiqa, natija va tavakkalchiliklarga e’tibor.
Asinxron apdeytlar: «oldin/keyin» metriklari bilan qisqa yozuvlar.
Yagona Roadmap kanali: maqomlar, oʻzgarishlar, ustuvorliklar boʻyicha qarorlar.
«Qizil kartochka» qoidasi: har qanday jamoa ma’lumotlarni (SLO/hodisa/qiymat) ilova qilgan holda ustuvorlikni qayta ko’rib chiqishni boshlashi mumkin.

17) FAQ

Q: Agar hamma narsa yonib ketsa va Roadmap uchun vaqt bo’lmasa nima qilish kerak?
A: «Yong’in-bufer» 15-20% ni va hodisalarning asosiy sabablarini qamrab oluvchi 3 ta tashabbusdan iborat minimal Q-rejani o’z ichiga oling. Har qanday yangi «issiq» ish faqat ustuvorliklarni qayta tanlash orqali amalga oshiriladi.

Q: «Ko’rinmas» tashabbuslar (kuzatuv, avtogeytlar) qiymatini qanday isbotlash mumkin?
A: Change Failure Rate, MTTR, Pre-Incident Detect Rate, konkida uchish va «tungi peyjlarni» hisoblang. Oldingi/keyingi dinamikani koʻrsating.

Q: Texnik qarz bilan nima qilish kerak?
A: Qarz - bu ham tashabbus: "− X% N sinf hodisalari", "− Y% cost/RPS", "+ Z pp. SLO Coverage». O’lchanadigan natijasiz qarz rejaga kiritilmaydi.